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软件过程与项目管理小测(Create by Chatgpt)


写于：2025-06-09   改于：2025-06-09
字数：803  阅读需要4 mins

以下是一份基于你提供的知识点整理而成的英文试卷，包含判断题（True/False）、选择题（Multiple Choice）、填空题（Fill in the Blank）三类，涵盖 Chapter 1–9 的内容，附带答案。

📘 Project Management Comprehensive Quiz

Part 1: True or False (20 points – 1 point each)

Write “T” if the statement is true and “F” if it is false.

  1. A megaproject typically costs over $10 million and affects more than 10,000 people.
  2. Scrum assumes that change will occur during a project lifecycle.
  3. The payback period is the best metric to measure long-term profitability of a project.
  4. A user story in agile represents a technical requirement.
  5. The triple constraint includes scope, cost, and risk.
  6. In Scrum, the Champion role is a key official role.
  7. The MoSCoW method helps prioritize requirements.
  8. Fast tracking means delaying tasks until resources are available.
  9. Planning Poker is a technique used to estimate the size of user stories.
  10. Benchmarking is commonly used to evaluate team members’ salaries.
  11. Earned Value Management assesses project performance using cost, scope, and time.
  12. Control charts track variations over time and show if a process is in control.
  13. The product roadmap outlines the long-term strategic direction of a product.
  14. Kanban boards help visualize workflow.
  15. Explicit knowledge is hard to express and transfer.
  16. A root cause is a superficial symptom of a problem.
  17. A slipped milestone refers to a task completed earlier than planned.
  18. Integrated change control manages changes in scope, time, and cost.
  19. A fallback plan is used when the main risk response fails.
  20. A post-mortem is a project initiation meeting.

Part 2: Multiple Choice (30 points – 2 points each)

Choose the most appropriate answer.

  1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of agile project management?

    A. Incremental releases

    B. Adaptability

    C. Fixed scope throughout project

    D. Flexibility

  2. What does the acronym INVEST stand for in agile?

    A. Independent, Necessary, Valuable, Easy, Small, Testable

    B. Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Small, Testable

    C. Integrated, Negotiable, Visionary, Essential, Small, Testable

    D. Inclusive, Necessary, Valuable, Estimable, Secure, Timely

  3. Which of these is used to prioritize project requirements?

    A. SWOT analysis

    B. Gantt Chart

    C. MoSCoW method

    D. RACI matrix

  4. What does EAC stand for in project performance tracking?

    A. Estimated Actual Cost

    B. Earned Actual Cost

    C. Estimate at Completion

    D. End Allocation Chart

  5. Which scheduling technique adds buffers and considers resource constraints?

    A. Gantt Scheduling

    B. PERT

    C. Fast Tracking

    D. Critical Chain Scheduling

  6. What is a RACI chart used for?

    A. Resource allocation

    B. Risk tracking

    C. Defining roles and responsibilities

    D. Document storage

  7. Which of the following best defines a user story?

    A. A line of code

    B. A customer feedback survey

    C. A short, simple description of a feature told from the perspective of the user

    D. A list of product defects

  8. What tool helps identify the root causes of quality problems?

    A. Gantt chart

    B. Fishbone diagram

    C. Kanban board

    D. SWOT matrix

  9. What is NOT included in a project scope statement?

    A. Deliverables

    B. Detailed cost estimates

    C. Project objectives

    D. Constraints

  10. Which of the following tools visualizes workflow stages in Agile?

    A. Burn-up chart

    B. Control chart

    C. Kanban board

    D. Ishikawa diagram

Part 3: Fill in the Blank (20 points – 2 points each)

Fill in the blanks with the correct terms.

  1. The ______________ constraint involves balancing scope, schedule, and cost.
  2. ________________ is the process of identifying and managing project changes.
  3. The ____________ path is the longest sequence of dependent project activities.
  4. In Scrum, the person responsible for managing the backlog is called the _____________.
  5. A ___________ is a large user story that can be broken down into smaller ones.
  6. The _______________ is a visual chart showing the project timeline using bars.
  7. ____________ is the ability to recover quickly from setbacks.
  8. The _____________ method emphasizes reducing waste and maximizing value.
  9. A ___________________ matrix is used to track the status of each requirement.
  10. ___________ analysis calculates a project’s value based on discounted future cash flows.

✅ Answer Key

Part 1: True or False

  1. F
  2. T
  3. F
  4. F
  5. F
  6. F
  7. T
  8. F
  9. T
  10. F
  11. T
  12. T
  13. T
  14. T
  15. F
  16. F
  17. F
  18. T
  19. T
  20. F

Part 2: Multiple Choice

  1. C
  2. B
  3. C
  4. C
  5. D
  6. C
  7. C
  8. B
  9. B
  10. C

Part 3: Fill in the Blank

  1. triple
  2. integrated change control
  3. critical
  4. Product Owner
  5. epic
  6. Gantt chart
  7. resiliency
  8. Lean
  9. requirements traceability
  10. Net Present Value (NPV)

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